Lord Capulet free essay sample

Romeo and Juliet, a play about two love birds from disputing families. Lord Capulet wants to give the impression of a man with much honor and peace; however when away from the public, Capulet is a fairly complicated individual. At the start, he gives the impression of a caring, considerate and loving father while discussing marriage with Paris; as well as a man of peace excusing the uninvited guest, Romeo. Though in Act III scene V, the audience witnesses the ugly side of Lord Capulet. When Juliet interfered with the â€Å"plans† of her father by disobeying his wishes, he became enraged. It wasn’t until Act IV, that Lord Capulet somewhat went back to his caring personality due to the â€Å"death† of his daughter. Confronted by the true death of Juliet, he let go of his foul ways and ended their family rivalry. The situations that occurred sprouted from the actions of characters trying to fulfill their wishes and others trying to fulfill theirs as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord Capulet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lord Capulet’s personality got in the way of numerous attempts, which created tension that would come back to haunt him. Lord Capulet, the head of the Capulet family whose intention throughout the play was to make both his family and himself look good in the eyes of others. He wanted to seem like a peaceful and loving man for the sake of his name. When we first see Lord Capulet, Act I scene I, he is calling to his wife to give him his sword. â€Å"Give me my long sword, ho! † (1. 1. 65) This can be seen as a very immature response to a situation as that for such an old man. Yet, when Capulet was discussing marriage with Paris, he seemed rational and mature. Juliet drifted from obeying traditional morals that other people of her time followed. That’s why Juliet, knowing the obsession her father had with image and that she was disobeying, hid her relations with Romeo. Lord Capulet saw Juliet as a pawn in his game for their success, however when she didn’t play accordingly to his rules, he lost it. After Juliet declined the offer of marriage with Paris, Capulet went in rage. â€Å"Unworthy as she is, that we have wrought so worthy, a gentleman to be her bride? † (3. 5. 144-145) â€Å"Out, you green sickness, carrion! Our, you baggage! You tallow face! † (3. 5. 56-158) Note, earlier in the play, when Juliet was an obedient daughter and followed traditions, he showed consideration of her thoughts and cared about her future. He said, â€Å"My child is yet a stranger in the world. † (1. 2. 8) â€Å"And too soon marred are those so early made†¦ An she agreed within her scope of choice, lies my consent and fair according voice. † (1. 2. 13,18-19) After her apology, Lord Capulet was pleased and changed the wedding date once again. For that, Juliet was forced to drink the elixir early, creating a scene. After Juliets â€Å"death†, sorrow is Capulets dominant reaction. Yet his sadness seemed to be stained with the thought that he will die without heirs and that the wedding is spoiled. It’s only when he sees Juliet in the tomb bleeding and dead does his sorrow over her loss and over his role in the feud seem complete. â€Å"O brother Montague, give me thy hand. † (5. 3. 13) â€Å"As rich shall Romeo’s by his lady’s lie, poor sacrifices of our enmity. † (5. 3. 19-20) Juliet’s doings tainted old Capulet’s temper, but so did the death of Tybalt. Tybalt Capulet, the nephew of the famed Lord Capulet who acted as the protector of the Capulet’s good name. Every scene incorporating Tybalt, included dueling and tension. He was always looking for a duel. When Tybalt and Mercutio fought and Mercutio was killed, it created a domino. Romeo killed Tybalt after the fact, Romeo was banished which made Juliet sad, and Lord Capulet felt as if he was under pressure because of the incident. He appears to be more concerned about how the marriage may affect the townspeople’s views on the seriousness or relaxed of his grieving for Tybalt. â€Å"For, hark you, Tybalt being slain so late, it may be thought we held him carelessly, being our kinsman, if we revel much. Therefore we’ll have some half a dozen friends, and there an end. † (3. 4. 25-29) That’s why he assumed that he was doing Juliet a favor and that she would go along with it. â€Å"Sir Paris, I will make a desperate tender of my child’s love. I think she will be ruled in all respects by me. † (3. 4. 12-14) In real, Juliet didn’t want to, and voiced her opinions to her father, which showed an obvious change from Lord Capulet. Juliet was forced to speed up her plan, creating a catastrophe, all due to the foolish actions of Tybalt and the inaccurate assumptions of Lord Capulet. Although, Capulet didn’t intentionally mean to push her daughter to death, he only wanted the best for her. There were many reasons why Lord Capulet changed. Marriage, death, defiance, and drama; yet the primary reason for his behavior was his daughter. He didn’t want to rush Juliet into marriage because he honestly cared for her. â€Å"Let two more summers wither in their pride ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. † (1. 2. 9-11) After Tybalt’s death, Capulet wanted to move the date of the wedding because he thought it would cheer up Juliet. That’s why he jumped to tell Paris, â€Å"Sir Paris, I will make a desperate tender of my child’s love. † (3. 4. 12-13) Later when Juliet rejected the marriage, Lord Capulet became angry because he wanted to leave a good legacy for his daughter, improving the family name, but she was ruining his plan. With Paris’s family, the Capulet would become richer and more popular. He only wanted his daughter to be secure and happy, but when she died nothing mattered anymore. â€Å"Alack, my child is dead, and with my child my joys are buried. †(4. 5. 4-65) Lord Capulet then made peace with his rivals for his Juliet. A leader wanting to be seen as a man of peace and honor, Lord Capulet had an image of just that, in the beginning. It wasn’t long until Capulet’s real appearance showed in his attempt to improve the family name. In the process, he showed bits of violent and rude traits, and lashed out on family. Between the marriage and Tybalt’s death, old Capulet was stressing both himself and his daughter out. Juliet was set as the family’s pawn in his plans. She was to be an obedient girl, follow with the morals of the time and marry Paris. Yet after Juliet found Romeo, she didn’t want to obey anymore, which set Capulet in rage. He only wanted what he thought was right for her, but she didn’t agree. Once Juliet died, we began to see that. Lord Capulet was working, throughout the play, on a foundation for Juliet to grow upon when he’s gone. He went through a ride of emotions in the development, from love and respect to anger and disrespect ending in sadness and shame. Although Capulet went through a range of changes, he ultimately did end the feud with his rivals, and that was a major change for old Lord Capulet.

Jacques Louis Davids Art with Respect to Question of Gender

Jacques Louis Davids Art with Respect to Question of Gender Jacques-Louis David is a famous French artist that is considered to be one of the brightest figures and initiators of the neoclassical movement in the art. His works were inspired by classical Greek and Rome paintings. From those times, he adopted techniques and some themes. However, Roberts writes, â€Å"his (Jacques-Louis David) lifetime of seventy-seven years coincides with the most tumultuous period of history that France and the Western world had yet experienced† (3).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jacques Louis Davids Art with Respect to Question of Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Transforming the classical tendencies, David managed to capture and express the moods of that time in a majority of his paintings. He was very close to key figures of the French revolution and many of his works are devoted to this theme. He depicted the heroes of that Revolution giving them a bright â€Å"masculineâ⠂¬  trait and impressive look of ancient gods. His prerevolutionary work, as well as the works painted during the Revolution, are often interpreted as ones marked with â€Å"feminine† or â€Å"masculine† traits. It is no wonder as his works were inspired by the traditions of the Classical painters. The â€Å"femininity† and â€Å"masculinity† are expressed not only through the figures of people, but through themes, colors and other minor details that form a general image of David’s pictures. The most â€Å"sound† in the context of â€Å"femininity† and â€Å"masculinity† are the pictures The Oath of the Horatii, The Death of Socrates and The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs (â€Å"masculine†) and The Paris and Helen and The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis (â€Å"femininity†). The analysis of these works gives the understanding of the neoclassical art in terms of interpretation of the classi cal traditions in it. As it has already been mentioned, Jacques-Louis David was one of the first and leading neoclassical artists in France. His works were inspired by classical tradition. These traditions were expressed through antique subjects, heroes and techniques which he used in his paintings. â€Å"More than any other painter it was David who gave artistic form to the ideas of those days and he did so as a member of the Academy. The style that he brought to maturity in the years before Revolution brought him success and fame†. (Roberts 11) David studied classics in Italy and when he returned to Paris, he promoted anti-Rococo ideas. He became very famous. The works of this period were filled with devotion to one’s duty, sternness and self-sacrifice. He supported Revolution and many of his works express this idea being propagandistic ones. After the Revolution, David became a court painter. The works of this period glorified Napoleon (The Coronation of Napoleon). After the fall of the Republic, the artist went to Belgium.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The paintings created there were devoted to mythological scenes, â€Å"David would turn his attention so completely to the theme of love in his Brussels mythological paintings, for only twice in his entire previous career did he deal with mythical love themes in major painted compositions† (Johnson 37-38). The works of this period are the most â€Å"femininity† colored than others creations of the author. Mars Disarmed by Venus and the Three Graces is the last of his greatest works which he finished not long before his death. If one has a look at his works, he/she will see how much the artist relied on the ancient traditions, history and ancient myths. They were the source of inspiration for almost all of his works. At the same time, we cannot say that his works are stable. His techniques alerted and changed during his career. Actually, there were no artist in France whose works reflected the political climate of the country so clearly. The reason is that for David his paintings were the major means of communication and reflecting his ideas. In general, the works of Jacques-Louis David are the greatest works of the neoclassical movement in France. Neoclassicism was a major art movement at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century. One of the peculiarities of this movement was the addressing to the traditions and themes of the ancient classical works by Roman and Greek artists. Neoclassical movement adopted the classical ideas of moderation and order. â€Å"Reason† directed artistic creation. There were no much emotion in these pictures and all artistic works were organized very logically. In France, the principles of the classical paintings were used and interconnected with the political concerns associated with the Revoluti on. The neoclassical themes were often based on the classical stories and heroic male virtues. The themes of pictures which depicted men and women were strikingly divided. Women were mainly presented in the pictures that depicted domestic life or private sphere. In contrast, male figures were used in heroic pictures or performing certain public roles. This sharp division between male and female was reflected in the neoclassical painting style as well. Not only the subjects of the pictures were different for men and women, but the techniques and colors as well. The â€Å"male† paintings used a very rational composition, strong severe colors and rather strict lines. The figures of male were massive and reminded the figures of antique sculptures. Conversely, the colors and techniques of the â€Å"female† paintings were softer and brighter. The figures of women were marked with more curvilinear forms.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jacques Louis Davids Art with Respect to Question of Gender specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The neoclassical art is often called â€Å"male† art. This tendency has a historical explanation. The political situation that was often reflected in the works of art, burdened the male body with political and social meaning. Men should be a fighter and woman – a keeper of piece. The neoclassical attitude to the â€Å"male† and ‘female† pictures are also present in works of Jacques-Louis David. This tendency of division is best recognized in his works of the Brussels period when he addressed to the antique myths and those of the prerevolutionary period, the period of Academia. His new style was characterized by strict lines, symmetry and strong gestures of figures depicted on them. This style is perfectly seen in the picture The Death of Socrates. Jacques-Louis David. The Death of Socrates. Moreover, this is one of the works that is considered to be a â€Å"masculine† one. Each detail reflects its masculine nature: the light, colors, settings and many other artistic elements. One of the major means that David uses in order to accentuate the â€Å"masculinity† of his pictures is the light and â€Å"freeze-like† composition and serious subjects. The â€Å"femininity† of the paintings was expressed through the light colors, such as the dominance of pink and pastel-like shaped. The outdoor setting and emotional subject are more frequent in such pictures. The best example of the â€Å"feminine† motives in the David’s paintings are the pictures of the Brussels period that depict mythological themes, â€Å"mythological episodes are the best vehicles for expression of complex psychological and emotional situations, compositions that would be pertinent and relevant to contemporaneous cultural values and concerns† (Johnson 80). As it has already been mention, the David ’s pictures reflect the tradition of neoclassicism to separate â€Å"masculine† and â€Å"feminine† paintings:Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"In the year leading to the outbreak of the French Revolution, Jacques-Louis David painted a series of austere, â€Å"masculine† paintings: The Oath of the Horatii, The Death of Socrates and The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs. Although the precise meanings and political significance of the â€Å"austere† paintings are controversial, their moralizing content has not been questioned. The three works deal with masculine heroes engaged in high-minded self-sacrifice for transcendent value of patriotism and conscience, and they have been taken to represent the true spirit of David in those years of political unrest† (Korshak 102). As a contrast to these pictures, The Paris and Helen and The Farewell of Thelemacus and Eucharis can be taken. What is so â€Å"masculine† in the pictures like The Death of Socrates and The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs? Jacques-Louis David. The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs. According to the traditions of neoclassicism, the action of the picture The Death of Socrates takes place indoors. The distribution of light and dark is very strict. Such distribution of light gives a possibility to show the Socrates’ â€Å"god features† and helps us understand that he suffered from the illness. Despite his suffering, the man has an ideal proportions of the body and he preserves calmness and self-control(another feature of the â€Å"male† pictures). The colors are dark and the position of Socrates is tense. The position of other people in the picture also has its meaning, â€Å"in this scale, placement, color, and sensual attractiveness, the anonymous cupbearer has become a balancing element of the composition, equal to the figure of Socrates himself† (Perry and Rossington 212). This picture had a great political context on the eve of Revolution. Another example of the â€Å"masculine† painting is the The Lictors Retur ning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs. However, in this picture we can observe both, male and female traits, â€Å"the composition of the Brutus is streaky divided into male and female halves, so an exclusive male world remains at the left, but survives only in shattered form† (Perry and Rossington 215). The left side is dark and calm, there are no emotions. And only the left side which depicts a woman with her children show the emotions that are possible in the female world. The colors are also bright. Such use of light on the right side elevates the emotional tense of the painting. The â€Å"female† pictures, The Paris and Helen and The Farewell of Thelemacus and Eucharis depict emotions. Jacques-Louis David The Paris and Helen As Yvonne Korshak mentions, â€Å"David’s Paris and Helena has received little attention, largely because it seem anomalously unphilosophical and â€Å"feminine† in the context of the artist’s other stoic, â€Å"viril e† prerevolutionary paintings† (1). The picture is tender, it shows love of two people â€Å"in their love nest†. The presence of Cupid supports the atmosphere of love. The couple is surrounded by an antique setting. The emotional tone, as well as compositional, are calm, in spite of the fact that Cupid and the lamp are eliminated. The colors are not bright, but soft. It is a classic â€Å"female† picture, as it shows emotions and feeling of love, the line and the colors are soft, as well as the lightning. Finally, The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis is another example of the â€Å"female† painting. Jacques-Louis David. The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis The central here is the psychology of love. The story of the picture contains a sentimental depiction of two lovers taken from the Odyssey. It is very emotional picture, â€Å"it inspired a number of lyrical, melancholy depictions of hapless mythical lovers that emphasized the psychologic al dimension of the narratives portrayed† (Johnson 91). The picture shows the intimate and tender farewell in the dark cave, they are surrounded by darkness, only their figures are eliminated and it evokes the feeling of intimacy. The colors are deeply saturated: the man is in blue (cold, â€Å"masculine† color) and young girl is in red (warm, â€Å"female† color). Thus, it is a typical â€Å"female† picture with all signs of its type. Jacques- Louis David was an outstanding French artist. He is considered to be the founder and the brightest representative of the neoclassical art movement. His works were inspired by the traditions of the ancient Roman and Greek world. He adopted the strict lines, traditions of moderation and order. Apart from the classical techniques, David created paintings which depicted ancient myths and ancient heroes. The peculiarity of the neoclassical painting style is the division on â€Å"masculine† and â€Å"feminine† pictures. Each of these types had its peculiarity. The â€Å"feminine† pictures depicted emotions and used soft colors and lines. Among the works of David, there are bright examples of this division. These works are The Death of Socrates and The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of His Songs (â€Å"male† ones) and The Paris and Helen, The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis are the examples of â€Å"female† pictures. Johnson, Dorothy. Jacques-Louis David: The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis. Los Angeles: Getty Museum Studies on Art, 1997. Korshak, Yvonne. â€Å"Paris and Helen by Jacques Louis David: Choice and Judgment on the Eve of the French Revolution†. The Art Bulletin Vol. 69, No. 1, Mar. (1987): 102-116. Perry, Gillian, and Michael Rossington. Femininity and masculinity in eighteenth-century art and culture. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1994. Roberts, Warren. Jacques-Louis David, Revolutionary Artist: Art, Politics, and the French .Revolution. United States of America: The University of North Carolina Press Books, 1992.

Unemployment within the Labour Market is Primarily Voluntary Essay

Unemployment within the Labour Market is Primarily Voluntary - Essay Example Unemployment within the labour market is primarily voluntary But this hope was to prove a mirage as the trend reversed in subsequent months. Though the UK took a little while to catch up with the crisis in the United States, at the beginning of the second quarter of 2008, the region’s economy was in acute recession. It has been close to four years since the onset of recession and subsequent economic slowdown in the UK and the prospects for a turnaround in the region remains distant. The question of unemployment in the labour market, and whether or not it is ‘voluntary’ needs to be studied under these prevailing economic conditions. Also, a historical view of the role and operation of labour markets will lend clarity to the topic in question. This essay endeavours to do the same by way of analysing and synthesizing related scholarly resources on this subject. A look at the current unemployment problems in the UK reveals how acute a social, political and economic problem it has now become. For example, â€Å"Concerns have be en raised for a "lost generation" in the North East after the region was highlighted as a blackspot for youth unemployment. New research reveals that almost a third of people claiming unemployment benefit in the region are aged between 18 and 24, making the North East the worst region for youth joblessness in England. The figures released by the GMB union, showed there were 18,765 claimants within the age bracket in the North East last month, 30.9% of the total. That figure rose to 35% in County Durham, the fifth worst local authority area in the UK for young claimants.† (Lawson, 2011, p.6)... ng claimants.† (Lawson, 2011, p.6) Many politicians and social activists believe that increasing unemployment will lead to a ‘lost generation’ of such young people. This situation could lead to social fissures, with attendant increase in crime. Already, statistics from the North East is troubling: â€Å"six out of the nine areas in the region had more than the national average for young claimants. County Durham, Sunderland, Northumberland, Hartlepool, South Tyneside and Darlington were all above the national average of 28%† (Lawson, 2011, p.6) Further, for many youth in the region, there are no clearly defined career paths ahead. Such was not the case during the 1960’s and 1970s. Whether or not this unemployment situation is voluntarily sought or involuntarily imposed can be learnt from several surveys undertaken recently. What these surveys clearly indicate is the definite sense of ‘fear’ in the hearts and minds of the unemployed. To the extent that fear is seldom a voluntarily embraced choice, unemployment in present day Britain is imposed on eligible and willing workers. Participants of the survey were asked what they think will be the prospects for employment over the next year: â€Å"The balance between positive and negative answers has averaged 25 since its inception in 1982-the higher the number, the more people expect unemployment to rise. The findings shows, fear of unemployment rose very strongly in mid-2008, just as the unemployment rate started to rise, but then fell back through early 2010 to a low of 30 in February. The balance was 35 in May, 40 in June and 54 in July. The last increase of 14 points is the second-largest in the series ever, behind an increase of 15 in January 1991, when unemployment was also 7.8 per cent and rising.†

A report regarding the logistics activities of an organization or of a Research Paper

A report regarding the logistics activities of an organization or of a business of your choice - Research Paper Example ds, the management of Food Basics has made some excellent strategic decisions, and these will be outlined as a model of what can be done to deliver good quality low- and high-end products to a consumer seeking budget solutions. In particular, the management’s ability to anticipate trends in the food market is outlined, with both canola oil and olive oil shown as evidence of the success of the company’s plans. Similarly, the advantage of aligning with larger companies, and taking advantage of their systems and economic power are described as they relate to this food chain. Finally, the decision to restrict the chain’s expansion across to wide an area is examined to show that distribution and costing difficulties can be effectively addressed with good planning. In order to understand the particular challenges of the food retail business environment thoroughly, a good place to start is by examining the logistics activities of a supermarket chain. By focusing on a business of this nature, it is possible to establish how a business is able to create a profitable record by effective logistics and concentration on delivery of desirable products in a â€Å"no-fuss† way, and at competitive prices, to the average consumer. In Ontario, Canada, a particularly well-known and widely supported brand of supermarket is the Food Basics stores. The stores offer lower cost products across a wide range of products, with particular focus on foodstuffs. National and international brands are carried as well as private in-store brand labels, and offered in 117 stores across Ontario. (Food Basics website, 2012) Food Basics is owned by Metro, Inc. a major Canadian food and pharmaceutical company, which also owns Metro, Metro Plus, and Super C brands. (Metro Inc. website, 2012) The central topic of this paper is the logistical activities involved in the retail sale of vegetable oil by Food Basics. Within the wider examination of â€Å"logistics† Demand Forecasting, Quality Control and

Tragedy of the Commons Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Tragedy of the Commons - Article Example The core ideas would not be out of place in a modern discussion because these serious issues have, if anything, grown even more pressing since the late 1960s. 2. The problem of over-population particularly in the Indian sub-continent and in parts of Africa springs to mind immediately. In China there has been a period of population limitation through the imposition of the one child policy, but this is being relaxed these days as China develops industrially and adopts more western ways. Pollution and waste disposal are still of concern. There appears to be one difference, however, and that is that the modern world has started to add these different effects together and see them as part of a single global issue, such as global warming, and unsustainable use of resources for example. There is more of a collective consciousness about it, in the West at least, and this is seen in events like the global climate conferences. 3. This article makes me reflect on the sobering fact that fifty years have passed since these problems were very clearly articulated, and yet very little has been done to address them. It makes me pessimistic about there ever being any serious or successful attempt to improve the condition of the world. After reading this article I am more open to coercive tactics than before, because I see how desperate the status quo is, how little progress is being made and how we need to do something

Critical Thinking Paper Abortion Philosophy Essay

Critical Thinking Paper Abortion Philosophy Essay It is undeniable that abortion is one of the most controversial topics. As is always the case, there are two sides to such a provocative topic. One is for free will and the ability to choose to have an abortion; the other is pro life and against abortion. However, very few advocates for either side truly know what is involved in the abortion process, but still do their best to oversimplify the issue at hand anyway. What exactly is abortion, then? By dictionary definition, abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. However, todays society would define it as getting rid of a mistake. An analysis of abortion reveals that there is more than meets the eye and only those who fully understand the process and consequences make decisions concerning abortion. The history of abortion is an extensive one. Although one of the most famous tide-turning legal cases for abortion was in 1973, abortion can be traced back even further than the 19th century. In fact, in Ancient Greece in 400 B.C., the Oath of Hippocrates stated that I swear by Apollo the physician, and Aesculapius, and Health, and All-heal, and all the gods and goddesses, that, according to my ability and judgment, I will keep this Oath. . . I will follow that system of regimen which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to any one if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; and in like manner I will not give to a woman a pessary to produce abortion (Facts About Abortion: Ancient Abortion History). Basically, any who swore by this oath realized the belief that abortion was harmful and would endeavor to aid the abortion process in any way. Around the same t ime period, Socrates also mentioned abortion in his books. His view, however, was opposite of Hippocrates. Socrates believed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a man may not marry his daughter or his daughters daughter, or his mother or his mothers mother; and women, on the other hand, are prohibited from marrying their sons or fathers, or sons son or fathers father, and so on in either direction. And we grant all this, accompanying the permission with strict orders to prevent any embryo which may come into being from seeing the light; and if any force a way to the birth, the parents must understand that the offspring of such an union cannot be maintained, and arrange accordingly (Facts About Abortion: Ancient Abortion History). In much simpler terms, Socrates stated that abortion is justified in cases where a child is conceived in an incestuous union. The United States was also part of the broad history concerning abortion. In 1859, the American Medical Association condemned abortion except when preserving the life of the mother and in 1875, every state in America adopted laws that banned abortion (The History of Abortion in the United States). There were also many legal cases in which abortion was the main concern. As previously mentioned, Roe v. Wade was one of the most famous cases. Alex McBride stated on PBS, Controversial from the moment it was released, Roe v. Wade politically divided the nation more than any other recent case and continues to inspire heated debates, politics, and even violence today (the culture wars) (McBride). This case was particularly dividing because it was so controversial, and made people choose sides. There was the side that promoted free will and to have abortion as an option. On the other hand, there was the side that believed that all life is precious and that abortion is morally wrong. In the en d, the Court ruled that women have a right to privacy, which includes the right to have an abortion (McBride). Many people choose sides concerning abortion without having sufficient information to do so, such as knowing what the abortion process truly entails. Some choose to be against abortion without fully considering that there are certain circumstances that would require abortion, such as when the mother is in a life or death situation. Others choose abortions without realizing that it goes against many religions and beliefs. What most of them do not know is what is involved in the abortion process. Many might think that it would be similar to having a Caesarian section, perhaps removing the fetus through surgery. This, however, is not the case. As mentioned, the abortion process is more complex than one would think. There is more than one way to carry out an abortion; the type of process chosen is usually determined by how far into the pregnancy a woman is. The patient can choose between two options for abortion: through medication, or surgery (Types of Abortion Procedures). Although the first trimester is twelve weeks long, women can only choose to have an abortion through medication within the first nine weeks (Pregnancy Week by Week; Types of Abortion Procedures). This is most likely due to ethical reason, for example, because the fetus has developed and is considered a human being, therefore making abortion through pills unethical. There are various types of surgical abortion procedures. For example, Vacuum Aspiration, also known as Suction Aspiration, is through the use of a strong vacuum; Dilation and Evacuation is through the use forceps (First Trimester Abortion Procedures; Abortion Methods). During the process of V acuum Aspiration, a tube attached to a vacuum type pump is inserted into the vagina; the fetus and placenta is torn apart as it is suctioned out along with the amniotic fluids (Abortion Methods). Dilation and Evacuation is vastly different, however. The previous method seems more clinical and less horrifying than this method. In Dilation and Evacuation, forceps are used to grasp at random fetus parts, which are then pulled out one by one until only the head is left (Abortion Methods). As the fetuss head is too large to removed in tact, it is crushed first (Abortion Methods). Although these are only two of many procedures, each is more inhumane than the previous. Despite the fact that death only occurs in 0.0006% of abortion cases, there are risks and complications involved. No abortion procedure is entirely one hundred percent safe or risk-free. These are the dangers of legal abortion procedures: allergic reactions, blood clots, infections, failed or incomplete abortion, heavy bleeding, injury, and etc (In-Clinic Abortion Procedures). If abortion was made illegal, women would have to resort to even more dangerous methods, such as illegal ones. Not all of the dangers are physical, however. There are issues of post-abortion syndrome, such as feeling deep regret and depression over choosing to terminate the life of ones child (The Case Against Abortion: Post-Abortion Syndrome). When it comes to an extremely controversial topic like this one, there are usually many biases. This can involve religion, ethics, income, age, and society. All of these can influence decisions concerning abortion. Religion plays a major role, as it is what people turn to for guidance in turbulent times. If their religion is against abortion, it is most likely that followers will be the same. Ethics is also a guide; abortion might be unethical to some because fetuses are considered human beings and all life is sacred. The matter of income is also important. Those who are impoverished would support to keep abortion legal because they can barely afford to keep themselves alive, let alone another human being. In fact, forty-two percent of women who have abortions have incomes below 100% of the federal poverty level (Facts on Induced Abortion in the United States). Those who are wealthy might agree with abortion because a laid back life full of partying would probably be more appealing w ithout having to raise a child. On the other hand, they might not agree because they have enough means for financial support. The elderly or people raised with traditional morals most likely would not even entertain the thought of abortion because they believe in taking responsibility instead of the easier way out. However, younger people, especially in todays society, would be more likely to embrace abortion because irresponsibility is much easier. These factors contribute to biases. For example, those who are against abortion create extremely graphic collages using a collection of real pictures or digitally created ones that show the entire abortion process. These images invoke heavy emotions that discourage abortions. Anti-abortion supporters even go as far as inventing lies that suggest abortion leads to cancer (Dudley, and Kruse). In contrast, supporters of abortion might downplay, oversimplify, and even hide the danger at hand. For instance, Planned Parenthoods website include s both information on the safety and risks of abortion procedures; however, the information on risks is in smaller text so it is not as noticeable (In-Clinic Abortion Procedures). Another example is in the form of a young womans experience. Lindsay, whose last name was not posted, stated that abortion clinics made her leave through the back door because they dont want anyone coming in to know what someone looks like going out (Finding Help: You Care About Me, Right?). There are many reasons why women choose to have or not to abortions. For example, a reason might be similar to Socrates case: a woman might have been in a nonconsensual incestuous relationship that has ended in child conceived. It might go against this womans religion or ethics to give birth to the child. Abortion might also be necessary when the life of the mother is endangered. That is not to say these all of these reasons are completely justified. Even though the fetus has not fully formed, it is still a human being and a product of ones flesh and blood. Termination could be considered child abuse. Nothing truly gives one, even a parent, the right to play God and decide whether or not to terminate a life. There are alternatives, such as giving the child up for adoption after birth. Even in todays society, the topic of abortion is an extremely contentious one. People are very divided on this topic although each side may not fully comprehend everything about abortion. This shows that many are eager to jump on the bandwagon of whichever side makes the best case. In order to make educated judgments on abortion, people must entirely comprehend the process of abortion and the results. Personally, I am against abortion because I believe in taking responsibility for our actions, and that even unborn children are humans and should deserve a chance at life.

Louisa and Sissy: Fact Against Fancy in Hard Times

Louisa and Sissy: Fact against fancy in Hard Times. Two female characters in Hard Times, Louisa Gradgrind and Sissy Jupe could be considered contrastive by fate and there is moral fable in this contrast. It is significant that in last two paragraphs of the novel Dickens applies to motherhood as a sense of woman happiness. Daughter of main educator of Coketown, have got only the bitter questionnaire: â€Å"Herself again a wife – a mother – lovingly watchful of her children, ever careful that they should have a childhood of the mind no less than a childhood of the body, as knowing it to be even a more beautiful thing, and a possession, any hoarded scrap of which, is a blessing and happiness to the wisest? Did Louisa see this? Such a thing was never to be. †(Chapter 9, Final, p. 274) But Sissy, â€Å"Girl number twenty† (Chapter 1,p. ) in Gradgrind list, was granted with love and motherhood in return for her human virtue: â€Å" But, happy Sissy's happy children loving her; all children loving her; she, grown learned in childish lore; thinking no innocent and pretty fancy ever to be despised; trying hard to know her humbler fellow-creatures, and to beautify their lives of machinery and reality with those imaginative graces and delights,†¦ or fancy dress, or fancy fair; b ut simply as a duty to be done, – did Louisa see these things of herself? These things were to be. † (Chapter 9, Final, p. 274) What is the major difference between two of them and why author gives credits to simple-minded Sissy, and left sorrows for educated Louisa? The reader can understand, that Gradgrind was disappointed with Sissy from the very beginning. He didn’t like the fact, that her father works in the circus. Fun and imagination were beyond Gradgrind’s acceptation. Sissy failed with factual definition of the horse in the very beginning of the novel and becomes a loser in his eyes. But his own daughter, Louisa, has to struggle with inner conflict:†fire with nothing to burn†(Ch. 3) Her imagination was suppressed up to degree of starving under the pressure of that utilitarian educational virtue of â€Å"fact†. Trying to see a circus she and her brother Tom peep though the loophole. Being asked about, she simply answered: ‘Wanted to see what it was like† (Ch. 8). Somehow she neglected her father’s slogan: †Louisa, never wonder! †(Ch. 8) In the article Charles Dickens, Hard times: for these times Chris Bilton says: â€Å"The only escape from this relentless grind of alculation and rationality is the horse-riding circus, glimpsed tantalisingly by Gradgrind’s children through a hole in the tent. Here is food for the ‘idle imagination’ and ‘fancy’ their father denies them† Louisa and her brother are deemed to have the best, as their father is a very knowledgeable man and they are â€Å"model children† in â€Å"model house†, but â€Å" starved imagination keeping life in itself somehow, which brightened it’s expression†. Dickens is depicturing that Louisa knows so many facts, but has not much to imagine. This â€Å" metallurgical Louisa† used to look out the window at the factory chimneys and observe: â€Å"There seems to be nothing there but languid and monotonous smoke. Yet when the night comes, Fire bursts out. † She can only state a fact about her surroundings. Dickens shows how forced education in a militant style can hurt a developing mind more than help it. Attentive reader can recognize intonation of reproach in her timid speech: â€Å"You have been so careful of me, that I never had a child's dream. You have dealt so wisely with me, father, from my cradle to this hour, that I never had a child's belief or a child's fear† . But the most dramatic moment happened in the very end of Book The Second, then mental breakdown happened to Louisa and Gradgrind â€Å"laid her down there, and sow the pride of his heart and the triumph of his system, lying, an insensible heap, at his feet† (p. 204) Sissy Jupe in other hand, also was treated by Gradgrind’s system. But she was a daughter of the circus clown, and spent early childhood in lively atmosphere, surrounded by emotional people, who taught her other things, then facts: In the article â€Å"Taking Dickens to task:Hard Times once more† Malkolm Pittok states: † For the circus has as its raison d'etre the development of ‘useless' and ‘unproductive'acrobatic skills, the dramatic enactment of highly coloured fictions, and a mode of fanciful, and fancifully advertised, play. In direct contrast to the selfish individualism promoted by Gradgrindism, its members show a generous solidarity and human directness of response. †(p. 116) Gradgrid was trying to influence this foil with his utilitarian approach, but he failed. She depictured as emotional girl from the very beginning: â€Å"Sissy Jupe, Sir†, explained number twenty, blushing†¦(Ch 2, p 8) Sissy began living with the Gradgrind family, and indirectly helped them to understand, that something in their life was missed. Love and care were unknown virtues in this family. â€Å"Only Sissy Jupe, the finest flower of the ircus way of life, has influence where it matters and becomes a beacon of effective light and goodness – a model for all of us to aspire to†, says Pittock. Louisa and Sissy have significant dialog in the Book The Third, Chapter 1. Louisa begging for her friendship: â€Å"Forgive me, pity me, help me! Have compassion on my great need, and let me lay this head o f mine upon a loving heart! †(p. 210) So the â€Å"poor girl† becomes the only â€Å"loving heart† for Gradgrind’s family. She took care of Mrs. Gradgrind and after he death becomes a mother to younger children of this family. So it is right time to conclude, that fancy wins the fact as far as Sissy granted with female happiness in the very end of Hard Tines and educated Louisa went through mental suffer and appeared childless. To state, that motherhood is the only virtue of female life is not right, but there not too much left for woman, if she never ever experienced the happiness of motherhood. Works Cited: Bilton, Chris Charles Dickens, Hard times: for these times. International Journal of Cultural Policy Vol. 16, No. 1, February 2010, 15–16 Web 03 Nov 2011 Dickens, Charles. Hard Times. Oxford University Press, New York, 2008. Print.